Lesión medular y ejercicio físico: revisión desde una perspectiva deportiva

  • Gabriel Brizuela Costa Universidad de Valencia
  • José Luis Romero Ávila Universidad de Valencia
  • Julia Beltrán Herranz Universidad de Valencia
Palabras clave: Paraplejia, tetraplejia, actividad física, deporte.

Resumen


Una de cada 2000 personas en Europa tiene lesión medular (LM), es normalmente más sedentaria que el resto de la población y encuentra diferentes problemas para practicar ejercicio físico (EF), destacando la escasa formación específica de los profesionales del deporte. Con el objetivo de aportar información sobre la LM y su interacción con la práctica deportiva, se realizó una revisión de literatura científica que analiza sus alteraciones músculoesqueléticas, cardiovasculares, respiratorias, de termorregulación, genitourinarias e intestinales, las úlceras por presión, la disreflexia autonómica y los aspectos nutricionales, generando recomendaciones prácticas. Como conclusión, la práctica habitual de EF reduce la incidencia de enfermedades respiratorias y cardiovasculares, mejorando la condición física, la autonomía personal y la salud de las personas con LM, así como su calidad y esperanza de vida, pero es imprescindible conocer sus características particulares tanto para optimizar su rendimiento deportivo como para evitar graves complicaciones médicas.

Biografía del autor/a

Gabriel Brizuela Costa, Universidad de Valencia

Profesor Titular de Universidad.

Departamento Educación Física y Deportiva.

Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte.

Universidad de Valencia.

Especialista en Actividad Física Adaptada y Deporte Paralímpico.

Asesor Biomecánico del Comité Paralímpico Español.

 

José Luis Romero Ávila, Universidad de Valencia

Profesor Asociado.

Departamento de Fisioterapia.

Facultad de Fisioterapia.

Universidad de Valencia.

Julia Beltrán Herranz, Universidad de Valencia
Graduada en Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte.

Citas

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Publicado
2016-12-21
Cómo citar
Brizuela Costa, G., Romero Ávila, J. L., & Beltrán Herranz, J. (2016). Lesión medular y ejercicio físico: revisión desde una perspectiva deportiva. Revista Española De Discapacidad, 4(2), 163-185. Recuperado a partir de https://www.cedid.es/redis/index.php/redis/article/view/226